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SORA-ATMAS: Adaptive Trust Management and Multi-LLM Aligned Governance for Future Smart Cities

Authors: Usama Antuley, Shahbaz Siddiqui, Sufian Hameed, Waqas Arif, Subhan Shah, Syed Attique Shah

Published: 2025-10-22

arXiv ID: 2510.19327v1

Added to Library: 2025-10-23 04:01 UTC

Risk & Governance

📄 Abstract

The rapid evolution of smart cities has increased the reliance on intelligent interconnected services to optimize infrastructure, resources, and citizen well-being. Agentic AI has emerged as a key enabler by supporting autonomous decision-making and adaptive coordination, allowing urban systems to respond in real time to dynamic conditions. Its benefits are evident in areas such as transportation, where the integration of traffic data, weather forecasts, and safety sensors enables dynamic rerouting and a faster response to hazards. However, its deployment across heterogeneous smart city ecosystems raises critical governance, risk, and compliance (GRC) challenges, including accountability, data privacy, and regulatory alignment within decentralized infrastructures. Evaluation of SORA-ATMAS with three domain agents (Weather, Traffic, and Safety) demonstrated that its governance policies, including a fallback mechanism for high-risk scenarios, effectively steer multiple LLMs (GPT, Grok, DeepSeek) towards domain-optimized, policy-aligned outputs, producing an average MAE reduction of 35% across agents. Results showed stable weather monitoring, effective handling of high-risk traffic plateaus 0.85, and adaptive trust regulation in Safety/Fire scenarios 0.65. Runtime profiling of a 3-agent deployment confirmed scalability, with throughput between 13.8-17.2 requests per second, execution times below 72~ms, and governance delays under 100 ms, analytical projections suggest maintained performance at larger scales. Cross-domain rules ensured safe interoperability, with traffic rerouting permitted only under validated weather conditions. These findings validate SORA-ATMAS as a regulation-aligned, context-aware, and verifiable governance framework that consolidates distributed agent outputs into accountable, real-time decisions, offering a resilient foundation for smart-city management.

🔍 Key Points

  • Introduction of SORA-ATMAS, a hybrid governance framework that integrates decentralized agentic AI with centralized oversight for smart city management.
  • The framework employs dual blockchain architecture to ensure accountability and transparency while enabling localized adaptive governance.
  • Empirical evaluation across Weather, Traffic, and Safety agents demonstrated significant improvements in trust MAE, with an average reduction of 35%, proving the framework's effectiveness in real-time data scenarios.
  • Achieved throughput rates between 13.8-17.2 requests per second with low governance delays (<100 ms), indicating practical applicability for real-time smart city operations.
  • Integration of multiple large language models (GPT, Grok, DeepSeek) within a structured governance model, ensuring context-aware decision-making and policy compliance.

💡 Why This Paper Matters

SORA-ATMAS establishes a robust governance framework for future smart cities, effectively managing autonomous AI agents while ensuring regulatory compliance, accountability, and trustworthiness. Its innovative use of dual blockchain technology creates a verifiable and resilient foundation for urban management, making it a significant advancement in smart city governance.

🎯 Why It's Interesting for AI Security Researchers

This paper is of interest to AI security researchers as it addresses key challenges in AI governance, risk, and compliance (GRC), particularly in decentralized environments like smart cities. It highlights the importance of accountability in autonomous AI systems and offers solutions to mitigate risks associated with bias, data privacy, and regulatory compliance, which are critical areas of concern in AI security research.

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